Air cooled heat exchangers are used to transfer heat from a process fluid to ambient air. The process fluid is contained within heat conducting tubes.
Atmospheric air, which serves as the coolant, is caused to flow perpendicularly across the tubes in order to remove heat. In a typical air cooled heat exchanger, the ambient air is either forced or induced by a fan or fans to flow vertically across a horizontal section of tubes. For condensing applications, the bundle may be sloped or vertical. Similarly, for relatively small air cooled heat exchangers, the air flow may be horizontal across vertical tube bundles. In order to improve the heat transfer characteristics of air cooled exchangers, the tubes are provided with external fins. These fins can result in a substantial increase in heat transfer surface. Parameters such as bundle length, width and number of tube rows vary with the particular application as well as the particular finned tube design. The choice of whether air cooled exchangers should be used is essentially a question of economics including first costs or capital costs, operating and maintenance expenses, space requirements, and environmental considerations; and involves a decision weighing the advantages and disadvantages of cooling with air. The advantages of cooling with air may be seen by comparing air cooling with the alternative of cooling with water. These issues should be examined on a case by case basis to assess whether air cooled systems are economical and practical for the intended application. The major components of air cooled heat exchangers include the finned tube, the tube bundle, the fan and drive assembly, an air plenum chamber, and the overall structural assembly.
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